Gregory Hines Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gregory Hines - Research Paper Example Born on 14th February, 1946 in a family of music and dance, Hinge had rhythms in his blood (Abrams and Angelis, 2009, p 7). Ora Hines, his grandmother worked at a performer at Cotton Club, (Abrams and Angelis, 2009, p 8) at Washington Heights, New York. It was to the north of â€Å"Manhattan’s Upper West Side†, and had Harlem at its South. Maurice Hines Sr., though worked in a grocery shop, and later on as a bouncer for â€Å"Audubon Theatre and Ballroom† in Harlem, later on formed a trio with George and his brother Maurice Jr. as â€Å"Hines, Hines and Dad† (Abrams and Angelis, 2009, p 14). They made their first family performance at the Apollo Theater, Harlem. Their dancing excellences were aired on highly popular shows- â€Å"Ed Sullivan Show† and â€Å"The Tonight Show†. Gradually with time, they travelled and performed all across the globe. They were also seen in the television show- â€Å"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson†. Gregory Hines got introduced to dance at his very childhood. He took his first dance lesson at an age of two and a half (Abrams and Angelis, 2009, p 8). His mother Alma Hines Kilfoyl recalls of him grasping tightly his elder brother by one hand and putting the other hand’s thumb in his mouth. But even at that tender age, Hines’s eagerness and determination to learn tap dance overjoyed his mother. Thus was the childhood of Gregory Hines, struggling to match steps with his elder brother Maurice’s and other boys in group classes at a local tap- dance school (Abrams and Angelis, 2009, p 9). Later on, in the able hands of Henry LeTang, himself a legend in tap, Hines and his elder brother Maurice Jr. transformed into dancers in the truest sense of the term. Alongside his brother who was either at that time, he professionally performed since the age of six. They were called the Hinge Kids. His journey to become an iconic tap dancer had begun since then. He made candid confessions in National Public Radio, 1989

Special Education in United Stated Research Paper

Special Education in United Stated - Research Paper Example lic school enrollment in the 2008-2009 school year, it is also important to note that when compared with the number of students receiving special education services in the 1980-1981 school year, which was 4.1 million, it can only be estimated that more students will need special education services in the coming years (Aud et al, 2011). According to a report done on behalf of the National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities, special education is defined as â€Å"instruction that is specially designed to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability.† A â€Å"disability† can be further defined as a physical disability, mental disability, or even a learning disability, in which while everything appears to be functioning on the outside, inside the head of the student whatever messages are sent are not clearly received, whether these messages involve spoken or written words, and can impair the ability of the student to do things such as speak, read, spel l, write, or calculate numbers at the same pace as their peers (Aud et al, 2011). These learning disabilities are further defined by scientific terms and research, given names such as autism, Asperger’s Syndrome, and others (Aud et al, 2011). With the services offered by special education throughout the school systems across the United States today, a means of educating students with any form of disability is now available, and can enable them to not only absorb the information being given to them but also to retain and use that information to their benefit, whether immediately or throughout their life. The individualization of special education is its greatest asset to the educational system, yet it also makes it difficult to give an overall description of what is offered, as well as what it... This paper approves that there can be no doubt that special education has followed its own long and winding road in terms of the services that are offered and the process that takes place. From the days in which those with disabilities were either left to be a burden on their families without a place in the world, to being housed at the expense of others in state institutions, to being allowed to pursue an almost mainstream education alongside their peers, special education has gone from being seen as a social stigma to almost commonplace. This paper makes a conclusion that above all else, a huge debt of thanks and gratitude is owed to the pioneers of special education. To those such as Thomas Gallaudet, who believed that the deaf should not have to grow up in a silent world with no words to sustain them. To John Fisher and Samuel Gridley Howe, who were unwilling to accept that the world of darkness for the blind was the only world they should know. To the politicians and forward-thinkers, the philosophers and the reformers, to everyone who felt that education for all should be the norm, and not an unacceptable, unattainable goal. To those that worked endlessly to make others notice the plight of those left at the mercy of the state, called insane or â€Å"not right† because of disability. No matter what laws are passed, no matter what legislation is put in place and what education is received today because of it, without the people of history and their way of thinking, it would not exist at all.

Samsung electronics success by design

Samsung electronics success by design INTRODUCTION: A Technology-driven company like Samsung Electronics uses product design as a tool to improve their products characteristics helping them to achieve a competitive edge within the market. For many of the world leading companies design plays a fundamental role in their success, for them to have a good design will make their products better, quicker and cheaper. If a company can achieve this, they can keep their production costs down, but this can also allow them to charge a higher premium price for the successfully designed product. Consumer Purchase Decisions Do consumers make their purchase decisions solely based on the design aspect of a product? Does having a good designed product in the market place encourage the consumer to buy? Successful design is a way to exceed the users expectations, keep them happy, this will encourage the consumer to purchase, come back again and recommend products to others. Design makes a persons life better by improving the quality of their interactions with the environment. Design is a reflective conversation, a dialogue with a situation that involves people and their needs for artefacts that arise in their relationship with the global environment. (Gowen, n.d) Consumers purchase products that interest them, products that they are aware of, products that get their attention. Good design can improve the visual appeal, functionality or usability for a product delighting the consumer who merely expects to have their functional requirements fulfilled convincing them to purchase the product. A designed product can also appeal to the consumers emotional needs. People want fast cars: Ferrari, Lamborghinis, designer watches: Rolex, Breitlings that they will likely want to open their wallets and buy the product, but only a few will as this type of product is a luxury item in a niche market. The consumer is emotionally attached to the product but will be less likely to buy these types of items because of the cost. Consumers buy based on the benefits the product brings them, a product that they perceive as having a value, a product that meets their needs. Design can also allow the control of an outcome. Will the consumer buy the product or not? A good design will arouse desire, engenders loyalty and forms indelible emotional bonds with the consumer. Once the consumer is emotionally interested in a brand they are convinced that they cant live without it. A Consumer is more likely to buy a product that appeal to both their functional and emotional sides. To achieve this companies brand their products through their design to make them sell, offering customers something extra. A successfully designed product applies the power of the brand. One of Samsung Electronics initiatives was to globally brand their products through their Global Brand Communication Strategy. A strong brand identity encourages consumers to trust existing products and to try new ones. The brand gives a consistent message about the company and its products and services to the end user. A Consumer is more likely to purchase a product or range of products which have a reliably design, a good brand. The awareness of a brand in the design process enables the effective translation of the company brand into the retail environment and customer experience. A good example of a product that appeals to both their functional and emotional sides of the consumer is the iPod from Apple. In the market place there are many hard-drive based MP3 players available to the consumer. Apple is able to dominate the market through their product design whilst selling its products at a significant price premium. Apple to date consistently produces a sleek and luxurious iPod design that portrays the power of their brand. Apple have made the MP3 player be more than a functional purchase, they have made it an emotional purchase. A consumer is constantly engaged with design, sometimes without even realising. Every time a consumer carries out a task, checks their emails, go to their local supermarket someone has designed the experience you are having whether you have purchased a product or not. Successful design improves our day to day experiences by going beyond somethings functionality to make things look, feel, sound and work better. The design of a product has values, beliefs, and the opportunity to make a difference to the life of the consumer and will always be an important aspect in their purchasing decisions. But the design will not always be the main reason for the consumer to choose which product they purchase. The cost and quality of a product and the technology used will always be a huge factor for the consumer to consider and will almost always be defined by the type of product and the purpose for buying the product. But as we advance into the twentieth century will not consumers expect a good design product? Walter Herbst, CEO of the product-design firm Herbst LaZar Bell, once said, Good design is not good enough anymore. (The Power of Design, 2007) Design and Technology Samsung Electronics is a global leader in more than sixty different products with their main business focus in the areas of Digital Media, Semiconductor technology, the telecommunication Network, and LCD Digital Appliances. As a business Samsung Electronic centre their efforts on producing these types of high technology products. The consumer uses the design of a product as one their main influential factors when purchasing these types of products. But does the consumer again apply the same thought process when buying a low technology product? A product that is referred to as having a low level of technology will usually have been developed many years ago. Low-tech products can be purchased today but will work in the same manner as product that was manufactured 25 years ago. A good example of this is a manual tin can opener. Consumers everyday are still buying low-tech products. The manual tin can opener can be found in the kitchen in many of our homes, but for a product that has a simplistic design does the consumer still base their purchase decision on the design of the tin can opener or is it the cost that sways their decision? Is it the operation of the tin can opener that the consumer is interested in? But can not the way that the tin can opener function be referred to as the design? In todays modern society ascetics sensibilities are relevant to all products, regardless of their function (Holbrook, 1980; Holbrook and Anand, 1992; Holbrook and Zerlin, 1985). When a consumer is in the market for a low tech product the price must surely be an important reason for purchasing a product. If is understandably when a consumer purchases a high-tech product that they will pay a premium because of its technology. When given a choice between two products, equal in price and function, target consumers buy the one that they consider to be more attractive (Kotler and Rath,1984; Nussbaum, 1988). When a consumer purchases a product do they understand the difference between a high-tech and low-tech product. Low-tech products are not highly differentiated (Shapiro, Slywotzky and Doyle, 1997) and a differentiated product is evaluated and understood buy the consumer differently than undifferentiated products. This may suggest that the consumer evaluates low-tech products, which are likely to be undifferentiated, differently than they evaluate high-tech products. When the consumer makes their buying decision they evaluate high and low technology products differently to one and other but for both will usually make design the differentiator between competitor products. The design plays an important role in the success of a product and generates desirable consumption experience and favourably influences subsequent consumer behaviour. Consumers do not buy products for sensible, value-for-money reasons. The consumer purchases a product because they like it and the product appeals to them and makes them feel good. Therefore this changes the way in which a business advertises their product with less focus on product features and more on the design and lifestyle that the user can enjoy. Purchasing a designed product is more than buying its function. It is buying into a vision of one self as one would like to be. Samsungs Design Delivery Process and Design Capabilities Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd is a Korea-based consumer electronics company that has worked hard to refine its focus and alter its business strategies. Today, Samsung is one of the most successful global corporations, with high sales and earnings through its innovative technological design. In the 1990s Kun-Hee Lee (Group Chairman) made the decision to adopt design and use design as a differentiator and for competitive advantage. To do this Kun-Hee Lee (Lee) wanted to redesign Samsungs systems and processes to improve their design delivery process. This initiated a new management era for Samsung to open digital frontiers all over the world. The leadership of Lee has been a key to Samsungs success making Samsung one of the fastest growing brands. Samsung started its journey towards design excellence in 1993 and had its first design revolution in 1996. At the beginning of Samsungs design initiative they sent 17 of their designers to the Art Centre College of Design in California USA. This would broaden the designers ideas about design and help them to be creative. For Samsung this will help their employees to provide design solutions and to understand the process of product design commercialization. Samsung later hired the service of two consultants to help them start a design school to train their designers. In a constantly evolving, consumer electronics business Samsungs survival depends on their employees having the right skills to keep their products at the cutting edge of design and technology. The in-house school gave its designers the tools and confidence to risk think differently, it was vital for Samsung to pinpoint the right training for their employees through their own design school. Samsung also tried to incorporate Korean values into their designs. A cultural identity was important for Samsung to meet the emotional needs of their customers. Cultural values are, regarded to as the governing ideas and guiding principles for thought and action in a given society and a powerful force shaping consumers motivation, lifestyles and product choices (Tse, D., R. W. Belk, et al. 1989). Further to this Samsung introduced a common design language where all product characteristics were to have consistent features and high levels of convenience. This would give the designers a common goal and help them to speak with fellow designers about their designs. In 1996 Samsung engaged the services of Design Consultant, Tom Hardy to help improve their design capabilities. Hardy would assume the role of Corporate Design Advisor. Hardy was a design strategist and the creator of the Verbal-Visual Framework (VVF) methodology, his consulting work involved strategic brand design direction for Samsung intergrading business strategy to improve the customers desire for the product. To Improve Samsungs design capabilities the company also started sending their senior designers abroad to expand their knowledge and help them to come up with new ideas. They sent their designers to different diverse industries such as cosmetics, furniture and fashion to encourage different thought patterns enabling them to think outside of the box. Samsung also opened six design centres worldwide which included research centres and design labs to help improve their design capabilities and encourage a global perspective. This changed Samsungs engineering-driven culture; the designers had to find a way to put their boxes around the engineers devices. In todays environment, designers often come up with product innovation, who then asks engineers to put their devices inside the designers boxes. Lees design vision for Samsung was to create a design friendly culture to improve customer services and corporate spirit that contributes to the well being of society. This helped to change Samsungs management and employees mind set of their product design from quantity to quality. To improve Samsungs international design capabilities they also sent their designers on a world wide tour to help them understand the global market and expand their way of thinking. An overseas specialist course nurtured for the excellence of their employees. Lee also broke down the Confucian hierarchies at Samsung. Designers were freed from dress codes and other constraints that hinder creativity. Lee also let younger designers take a larger role and encouraged them to challenge their superiors. All designers worked in common areas with hardly any segregation; functions were collaborated to improve functional communication. This improved team building and encouraged individuals to speak their mind and discuss their design ideas, team meetings were regularly held to assess new products and evaluate designs. The company also introduced the new position of Chief Design Officer to give greater voice for the design function. Since re-designing Samsungs systems and processes to improve their design delivery process, Lee had more than doubled the ranks of Samsungs designers by bringing more than 300 new recruits which was helped with a vastly increased design budget. Samsung brought a lot of change to its people, processes and systems to improve its design delivery process to have greater design capabilities and a better design philosophy, since this change the Korean company has won 19 citations in the prestigious Industrial Design Excellence Awards (IDEA). Samsung spend a lot of time and money to achieve design excellence but which part of Lees new management design initiative had the greatest impact on improving their design capabilities? Before Samsung could become a world leader they needed good designers and the right people to achieve this, hence Samsungs educational approach to improve their design capabilities. Training their employees to be capably of good designs defiantly gave them an advantage over the competition which also helped them to develop and attract new people to the organisation. The design school could help their employees to learn and understand the company core values and the vision that Samsung were trying to portrait. The design school would have had a critical impact on Samsungs successful product design; it would have enabled the designers to learn from other designs and each other. The designers would have learnt how to evaluate the quality of the product and how to maintain the quality throughout the design delivery process. If is important for the designer to identify the characteristics of a product that make it either a failure or a success. By educating in house Samsung would have also been able to control its quality assurance process better and reduce warranty issues. The design school would have helped the designers to study different products with similar features, through identification, analysis and evaluation before starting their design making the design capable of success with a competitive advantage of the competition. The design school would of increased experience and knowledge of Samsungs designers through the broad educational background of Samsungs design consultants which w ould have helped to educate and provide answers to diverse technical design problems. The design consultants would provided invaluable experience to the design delivery process. A part of Samsungs educational program was to also send their designers on a world wide tour. This was the start of Samsung becoming a global company. It is important for Samsung to have key personnel with global competencies giving them the ability to understand foreign cultures and design. Another key part of Lees new management design initiative which had a huge impact on improving their design capabilities was the change in design culture of the company. Lee achieved this by incorporating Korean values into their designs to meet the emotional needs of their customers, and broke down the Confucian hierarchies at Samsung. Samsung also introduced worldwide design centres to change Samsungs engineering-driven culture. Business Culture brings together the techniques and strengths of a business helping it to think with the creativity and dynamism of the cultural world. Having a good culture at Samsung would have exploited their full potential and help to realize their aspirations. In todays social and economic market there is a huge advantage in having business culture to develop greater communication and global strategies to achieve good design capabilities. Samsung brought a lot changes into their design delivery process and all would have played a vital part in their success. To improve a companies design capabilities people, the designers, is key to the success. Nothing can be achieved in todays climate without good people. For a company to have good people they need skills and education. Having a dedicate Design School to educate your people also had a great impact in helping the company improve its design capabilities. The Future of Design The term design recently has become the buzz word for many people. Consumers are increasingly assessing products they buy on the basis of the design. In Corporate businesses like Samsung and even in small firms design is increasingly understood to give a company a competitive edge. A good design will also aid in improving production processes. But as we move into the future will there be a time where design would cease to be a useful differentiator? There is an Increasing awareness of the meaning of design and what design actually is and what can the design industry offer. In todays economy many managers of business organizations need to be convinced of the business case for making investments in design. Many managers believe that the costs of the initial design investment will not be paid back through sales. But a designed product is usually matched sufficiently by increased revenue and sales paying back the initial costs. The graph below represents a study carried out by the British Design Council of the share prices of 166 UK design-led companies. The companies were grouped; Design Portfolio represented 63 companies who were chosen for their consistent showing in various design award schemes and Emerging Portfolio represented 103 companies whose awards success approached that of the Design Portfolio. If can be seen from the graph that both outperformed the FTSE All Share and FTSE100 which represent about 81% of the market capitalisation of the whole London Stock Exchange. Companies like Apple and Samsung that use design for there future initiatives would greatly help the business case in making design investments and back the employing of professional designers. The design process can be very complex and successful design rests upon future investments in methods, techniques, education, people and time as seen from Samsung. The start of the design era is relatively resent and the future of the design industry itself can take many forms and may be likely to develop. Many global manufacturers carry out their design work internally in their own design departments and are the leaders in the design industry. As they carry out their design work in house there may be no need for them to hire designers from outside which may have an effect on the future of smaller designer firms. But on the other hand this will cause the global corporations to build up larger in-house design departments and increase their staff. As we move into the future surely design will become more complicated and can no longer be simply or a product add-on. Instead design should be seen as having a good competitive characteristic for all products and services. All businesses want to compete in the market place and thrive on huge sales and profits, they want to sell the best product and want their customers to be amazed by their design. If this carries on happening at a global scale the design industry will grow to extend where design will always be the differentiator to the consumer. This would also create more jobs in the design sector. Many companies carry out research on consumer spending and analyze future technologies, this helps anticipate future consumer needs and to determine future design requirements. While regular market and research data can help to identify consumer needs and future trends in order to determine future design requirements, specific future focused trend analysis is often used. This type of analysis will intend to include consumer behaviour, product preferences, new service needs and social, economic or environmental changes. For design to be a useful differentiator in the future, consumers need to be spending money on new products and the development of new technologies is needed to be able to design new products. As years pass more products will start to become the same, and then it will become more important for products to be different. Good product design can help manufacturers to differentiate their products from their competitors and also define and reinforce the companys brand. Norio Ohga, Chairman and CEO, Sony said At Sony, we assume all products of our competitors will have basically the same technology, price and performance, and features. Design is the only thing that differentiates one product from the other in the market place. In the future things will start to change, tighter regulations will be put upon companies to design products to tighter requirements that are recyclable and reparably. Due to the environmental issues with pollution longer product lifetimes will be needed through more advanced design giving a better quality product. In the Future businesses must be able to take new design platforms to the next level and provide product life-cycle management and operational project execution. Businesses must be in the position to accept new technology and be able to integrated new methodologies, processes and systems. Failure to do so will low down the new and modern future of design. Today and in the future design will always offer considerable benefits to businesses, consumers and products and will help them to:  § Increase the perceived value of the product  § Increase the aesthetic and visual quality of the product  § Improve the ease of manufacture for the product  § Reduce impacts on the environment  § Improve the ability for business to market their product  § Enhance corporate vision and successful branding for the product Design will always be a useful differentiator for the consumer as Design is the planning that lays the basis for the making of every object or system. For design to cease as a useful differentiator the world would have to stop producing products. In price sensitive industries the design will act as a differentiator but may not be the main differentiator for the consumer. In the future design will not cease to be a useful differentiator, but design will change as technology becomes more advanced. REFERENCES: Active Knowledge Modelling (April 2009) The Future of Product Design and Life Cycle Management, [www] Available: (www.activeknowledgemodeling.com/2009/04/24/the-future-of-product-design-and-life-cycle-management/) [11 December 2009] Bloch, Peter. H (1995) Seeking the Ideal Form: Product Design and Consumer Response, Journal of Marketing, July 1995, Vol.59, pp. 16-29. Fast Company, (Dec, 2007) The Power of Design [www] Available: (http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/95/open_design-index.html) [9 December 2009] Gowen, Melanie (n.d) To Make a Difference by Design, [www] Available: (http://blog.genuinedesign.com/?p=34) [11 December 2009] Kellar, Gregory M. (Feb, 2003) An information theoretic approach to modelling customer satisfaction for low-tech industrial offerings, Journal of Academy of Business and Economics, Feb, p. 1. Kester, David (2004). The Impact of Design on Stock Market Performance, an Analysis of UK Quoted Companies 1994-2003, Design Council (http://www.designcouncil.org.uk) [13 December 2009] The Free Library (n.d) An information theoretic approach to modelling customer satisfaction for low-tech industrial offerings, [www] Available: (http://www.thefreelibrary.com/An+information+threoretic+approach+to+modeling+customer+satisfaction+-a0113563622) [11 December 2009] Tse, D., R. W. Belk, et al. (1989) Becoming a consumer society: A longitudinal and cross-cultural content analysis of print ads from Hong Kong, the Peoples Republic of China, and Taiwan Journal of Consumer Research, 15, March, pp.457-472. Chitturi, Ravindra (2009) Emotions by Design: A Consumer Perspective International Journal of Design, Vol.3, No.2, 2009.

Poisonous Weeds Essay -- Plants Poison Nature Essays Papers

Poisonous Weeds From the book Common Poisonous Plants and Mushroom of North America by Nancy J. Turner and Adam F. Szczawinski comes a very interesting story. â€Å"In April 1980, a five-year-old child was fatally poisoned in Victoria, British Columbia from eating Poison Hemlock while at play with her sisters. Her babysitter was not even aware that she had eaten the plant. The little girl felt sick and would not eat. She laid down, and within an hour fell into a deep coma. It was only at this point that her sisters recalled that earlier she had eaten a plant. She was rushed to the hospital, but despite all efforts to save her life, she died six days later† (Szczawinski, Turner, xi). Poison Hemlock is just one of the thousands of plants that are poisonous to humans as well as animals. In addition, the plants Jimsonweed and Deadly Nightshade can also have extremely harmful effects on humans. All three of these poisonous plants can turn up anywhere from hiking trails to backyards to fie lds, so therefore it is important to be able to identify them and understand how deadly they potentially can be. In order to prevent what happened in the story at the beginning, let’s look more closely at Poison Hemlock (Conium Maculatum). When mature, this carrot-like plant can get up to six feet or greater in height with triangular, fern-like leaves (Szczawinski, Turner, 129). The plant possesses white flowers, which are grouped in numerous umbrella-like clusters. Small, grayish brown, and flat with five curvy ridges running lengthwise describe the fruit of Poison Hemlock. However, beware of ever crushing or even touching this plant because a strong mouse odor will be emitted. Originally from Europe, Poison Hemlock is now an obnoxiou... ...ipedia.org/wiki/Datura_stramonium http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadly_Nightshade http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison_Hemlock Natural Resources Conservation Service-http://plants.usda.gov Research and Extension Center: Virtual Herbarium-http://uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/dain.htm National Capital Poison Center- http://www.poison.org/prevent/plants.asp Ophthalmic Kew Garden- http://www.mrcophth.com/plants/minipicturesofplantsforeyes.html Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University-Bozeman and MSU Extension Services Noxious Weed Specialist, respectively- http://www.montana.edu/wwwpb/pubs/mt200013.html Poison Hemlock Site- http://museum.gov.ns.ca/poison/hemlock.htm

Is Migration Beneficial for Countries?

Countries largely benefit from migration As globalization increased the gap between the rich and poor countries, migration has become an urgent and debated issue to be solved. To answer the question whether migration is good for the countries or not, we have to define what this term mean. Migration means to go from one country, place or region to another. Although the inhabitants of host countries don't always realize the good aspects of migration, saying the majority of immigrants are leeches reducing the standards of living, migration has it's benefits both for the host country and for the country of origin.At first, it has a huge impact on education. Allowing permanent residence can be tempting for talented youngsters who later become quality workforce. For instance, American universities have always been the melting pot of extraordinary students: the percentage of international students enrolled at Harvard University is about twenty percents. More qualified workers products more capital. It has become clear that after a start-up period immigrants contribute to tax collections, labor and the production just as much as a native born citizen.If we talk about labor we must not forget that immigrants are more likely to start a new business in a country than natives which can also boost the productivity and creates new jobs. When it comes to safety, immigrants are often handled as people with immense willingness to commit crimes. In contrast, numerous reports have determined that legal immigrants have an incarceration rate multiple times lower than the general population. Another significant and positive effect can be the diversity that is brought by immigrants resulting a prospering and booming cultural life including arts, architecture and gastronomy.From the viewpoint of the country of origin emigration can reduce the pressure on resources (water or food scarcity) and can reduce the tensions in between ethnic groups. Migrates can form a powerful diaspora in th e host country which can represent the interest of the country abroad easily. Remittances sent back home by migrates also make a contribution to the economy of the country of origin. As a conclusion, migration means new blood, new investments and new opportunities for every country.

Barn Burning William Faulkner

Biography William Faulkner was born on September 25, 1897, in New Albany, Mississippi. During his adolescent years he was motivated to attend school and even skipped the second grade. Unfortunately, while becoming a young adult he grew less fond of his studies and dropped out of high school when he was fifteen. In 1918 he was rejected from the U. S Air Force since he did not meet weight and height requirements, he then returned home to Oxford, Mississippi. Faulkner attended University of Mississippi where he wrote the school newspapers and magazines.Due to his upbringing in the South which is duly noted in his literature works of art, Barn Burning would be considered his fictional representation of the merciless, money-making New South versus the land-owning, noble Old South. Barn Burning, part of a trilogy, also incorporates some aspects of his family life, for instance being brought in the times of the great depression. Barn Burning captures of the life of the south during this tim e period through his setting, characters, and symbols.In 1949, he won the Nobel Prize for literature which he used the income to establish a scholarship fund for black students. William Faulkner believed in integration of the South rather than segregation. William Faulkner â€Å"tells the story of his region and of his nation, to demonstrate the often tragic inextricability of past and present, to show the human capacity for baseness and for nobility, to search for truth and meaning in a world where values seem constantly to shift and to erode. † (Minter) Literary CritiqueIn the beginning, â€Å"Barn Burning† appears to be a story about a harsh father and his family, who seems to be caught up in his devilish ways. As you read further in to the story you find that the story is focused on the protagonist or son a poor sharecropper, Colonel Sartoris Snopes, who has to struggle with his father’s arsonist tendencies which are destroying his families’ reputatio n and life style, while coming to terms with his own ethics. However, don’t forget to notice the dialect in this story and Faulkner’s.Critic Hal Macdonald comments on dialect when Sarty Snopes says to himself, â€Å"He aims for me to lie [†¦ ] and I will have to do hit†(Faulkner 156) points out â€Å"Sarty's addition of an h before the pronoun â€Å"it,† although characteristic of some rural Southern dialects, nonetheless strikes the ear of a Southern reader† (Par. 1) In addition to the importance of dialect, we are missing out on a truly miserable pain in the context of the story seen through situations around a fire.Susan Yunis comments on the fact that Barn Burning focuses more on the tyranny of the father rather than the deplorable state his family is left in. An excerpt from the story shows this ongoing effect on his family: â€Å"The nights were still cool and they had a fire against it, of a rail lifted from a nearby fence and cut into lengths—a small fire, neat, niggard almost, a shrewd fire; such fires were his father's habit and custom always, even in freezing weather.Older, the boy might have remarked this and wondered why not a big one; why should not a man who had not only seen the waste and extravagance of war, but who had in his blood an inherent voracious prodigality with material not his own, have burned everything in sight?Then he might have gone a step farther and thought that that was the reason: that niggard blaze was the living fruit of nights passed during those four years in the woods hiding from all men, blue or gray, with his strings of horses (captured horses, he called them).And older still he might have divined the true reason: that the element of fire spoke to some deep mainspring of his father's being, as the element of steel or of powder spoke to other men, as the one weapon for the preservation of integrity, else breath were not worth the breathing, and hence to be regarded with r espect and used with discretion. †(Par. 2)One should see a boy whose family has been forced to leave their home, huddled by a small fire in the cool night, and who has huddled by such a small fire even on freezing nights to avoid the retaliation of angry landlords. I see discomfort, anger, even despair at the recurrence of this situation and at the powerlessness of the family to change it. Yet, this discomfort is never spoken by the narrator. Yunis states â€Å"that a narrator who focuses less on the child than on the motivation of his violent, even abusive parent seems incongruous† (Par. 3). Furthermore, the fire is one important symbol occurring in this story.Compared to Snopes fire he constructed for his family small and inadequate. His â€Å"barn-burning† flames had Confederate patrols after him many nights searching for the horse thief. Instead of becoming extremely satisfied by providing warmth and comfort for his family. Snopes would rather see a brief bla zing moment to preserve his integrity and feel powerful. In reality, he is powerless and poor with cruel intentions. In addition to the fire that says so much, the soiled rug portrays his resentment of individuals better off than him, taking it to a personal level.The luxurious rug symbolizes Snopes’ every relief, chance, and freedom he feels he has been unfairly denied, and in obliterating it, he gives up all regard for his life and family’s hope. Theme Level of Maturity in â€Å"Barn Burning† Being a parent is not easy. Parents must guide the children, should set good examples, and take care of them until the day that they can venture the world on their own. However, what if it’s the other way around? William Faulkner’s story titled â€Å"Barn Burning† shows a boy named Sartoris who matured at a very young age due to his family’s circumstances.He wished that things could be different for his family especially his father; the cold an d unyielding manipulator of the family. The innocence of a child is pure and beyond compare. They try things that is new to them or that intrigues them, and they usually role play or imitate what they see especially what the adults do. A child can be easily told to do this, do that, don’t say this, and don’t say that. Sartoris, on the other hand, doesn’t need to be told what to do nor what to say. He is a very intelligent and wise boy because he knows exactly what to do especially when he was being questioned by the authorities.He knows what will be the outcome if he tells the truth, so even if it is against his will, he lied to the authorities. Also, he felt that his father wanted him to lie â€Å"He aims for me to lie, he thought, again with that frantic grief and despair. And I will have to do hit† (Faulkner 156). This behavior shows how the father has planted the idea of how important family is for them to the point of being irrational. The critic Tho mas Bertonneau shares the same idea, â€Å"Abner's injunction to Sarty ‘to stick to your own blood’. Abner’s notion of ‘family’ only applies when it is convenient for him. Treating a child is very important as well.It molds and shapes them to be what they are in the future. It also shows what type of personality they will have like being bashful, lively, reserve, and sometimes aggressive. Child treatment is different and it depends on their gender. The example of this is if the child is a girl; she might be treated gently, but protective and tons of attention. On the other hand, if the child is a boy; he might be treated a little bit tougher, but somewhat lenient because boys sometimes do not need much attention than girls. Boys most of the time don’t cry that much or they don’t cry at all even though they are being scolded or sometimes being hit.They don’t show much of their emotions or thoughts because for them being a boy mea ns you need to be tough and not a cry baby. Also, be able to adjust their selves quickly to any situations, â€Å"If I had said they wanted only truth, justice, he would have hit me again† (Faulkner 158). Sartoris didn’t talk back nor cried even though he was hit by his father. He handled it very well because he knew if he talk back to his father; he will get hit and he will receive a lengthily sermon from his father. â€Å"The word ‘ferocious’ is related to the word ‘feral,’ or ‘wild’†(Bertonneau) Sartoris was treated very aggressively by his father.He wanted to tell the authorities the truth, but he couldn’t. As mentioned earlier, a child imitates what they see. If a parent is not careful with their actions or words a child might end up in the wrong direction. However, some children have a great distinction between right from wrong and what’s rude and what’s not. A child can also feel embarrassment if something has been done that they believe to be humiliating, â€Å" Watching him,†¦ his father held and saw the stiff foot come squarely down in a pile of fresh droppings†¦which his father could have avoided by a simple change of stride†(Faulkner 159).Sartoris felt so embarrassed because it’s a common sense that if there’s a pile of animal dropping on your way you should avoid it because if you don’t you will make such a mess and it will smell â€Å"Abner now barges into the de Spain house, tracking manure on the rug; he frightens Mrs. de Spain and humiliates the servant†(Bertonneau). This stubbornness of stepping on animal droppings shows Abner’s willful behavior of telling everyone that he was not their servant and he wanted his son to learn that. The developmental stage of a child is a step by step progression, but quick.On this case, Sartoris showed a great deal of maturity and thinking. He is more mature than his father. His judgment between right and wrong is impressive. He showed great thinking because he thinks it through before saying anything. He knew what’s going to happen if he tells the truth. Even if it’s against his will he remained silent because for him; his father is more important even though his father is trying to corrupt him. Sartoris have a bright future on his way because he has different outlook or view in the world; unlike his father.He is more of a man than his father because his respect to his self is great and the way that he thinks is mature rather than immature that you would expect from a child.? Works Cited Bertonneau, Thomas. â€Å"Barn Burning. â€Å"Short Stories for Students. Detroit: Gale, 2002. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. Faulkner, William. â€Å"Barn Burning† Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. Kennedy, X. J. , and Dana Gioia. Boston: Pearson, 2013. 155-167. Print. McDonald, Hal. Faulkner's à ¢â‚¬ËœBarn Burning. ‘. † Explicator 61. 1 (Fall 2002): 46-48. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Jelena O. Krstovic. Vol. 92. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. Minter, David. â€Å"William Faulkner. † William Faulkner. Pearson Education, n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. Yunis, Susan S. â€Å"The Narrator of Faulkner's ‘Barn Burning'. † The Faulkner Journal 6. 2 (Spring 1991): 23-31. Rpt. in Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2012. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2012.