Priestleys use of dramatic techniques to create tension in An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

Inspect Priestley's utilization of sensational strategies to make pressure in the play. Holy was a communist author, and 'An Inspector Calls' is one of the plays where he attempted to show his communist goals in. The play was written in the 1940's, a brief time after the finish of the Second Universal War, and it was first acted in 1946, in Russia, afterwards in England. Consecrated had served in World War 1, and the horrible scenes he saw lead to him having communist perspectives. He was roused by different journalists whose sees he shared, particularly George Orwell and H.G. Wells, both of whom references are made to in the initial pages of the play. A great deal of the pressure in the play is among Birling and the Inspector, both of who are incredible figures in the family unit and are both competing for predominance, making a ton of strain. This is emblematic of the worldwide battle among free enterprise and communism, the Inspector speaks to Priestley's communist perspectives, and Birling, the direct opposite of the Inspector speaks to entrepreneur sees, which is clarified through his discourse the interests of Capital consistently expanding success. At the point when the Inspector is there, Birling is quick to drop the fault on another person, demanding I can't acknowledge any obligation which is a complete complexity of what the Inspector says, advising the family to share the fault among yourselves when I have left This steady struggle, which is frequently at the core of the sensational sort itself, ensures there is pressure at whatever point the two characters are conversing with one another. This contention isn't the just one inside the play. Eric additionally takes the side of the Inspector, causing pressure among him and his dad after the Inspector has left, this side is likewise taken by Sheila, causing a split in the family, which can be seen by I assume we're all pleasant individuals now. and What's the utilization of talking about. No one's breathed life into her, have they? Whereas Birling says, after the Inspector was seen as phony This has any kind of effect y'know. Actually it has a significant effect. Also the reference the Auditor makes about Socialism being an exercise we need to learn We are individuals from one body in the event that men won't discover that exercise, at that point they will be shown it in fire and blood and anguish. This is a reference to the manner in which Priestley believed that Capitalism was the reason for First Universal War, which he himself served in, the fire and blood and anguish being a reference to occasions he saw while battling on the bleeding edge.

Case Study Mcdonalds

It works more than 35000 cafés in excess of 100 nations on six landmasses. 5 It has an unmatched worldwide foundation and abilities in café tasks, land, retailing, showcasing and diversifying. McDonald’s site says that it is an innovator in the zone of social obligation and is focused on ensuring the earth for people in the future. 7 Strong and wide correspondence direct in the market. (deng, 2009) 8 Play regions for youngsters. 9 Large objective markets. 10 Recession safe (Birchall, 2008) 11 In September 2003 fruitful sponsorship up of new items was propelled with MTV’s publicizing effort highlighting the new slogan, â€Å"I’m Lovin’it†. (Jennifer, 2004) WEAKNESSES 1 McDonald’s has not accomplished its development desires in recent years. Tight Product lines. (deng, 2009) 3 McDonald’s brand relationship as a lousy nourishment. (deng, 2009) 4 Few alternative for good dieting 5 High representative turnover rates. (macy, 2012) 6 McDona ld’s additionally have some awful consequences for condition. (ltd. , 2006) 7 McDonald’s additionally faces numerous sorts of lawful activities on numerous issues. Openings 1 Product pressing for McDonalds now includes QR codes for clients to get healthful data. Mcnamara, 2013) 2 Opportunity to augment showcase, the customers who care about medical problem. (deng, 2009) 3 Slightly changing business sector brand picture of McDonalds. (deng, 2009) 4 In 2009, McDonald’s propelled its powerful Angus burger in all U. S. An areas. 5 Introduction of trans without fat French fries in all cafés in the U. S. An and Canada. 6 Introduction of McCafe. 7 Testing advertising foods grown from the ground as glad dinner at certain outlets. 8 McDonald’s establishments abroad turned into a most loved objective of individuals and gatherings communicating antiglobalization slants. Section into new and exceptionally well known item classifications. Dangers 1 Public assault about weight issue. (deng, 2009) 2 Changing taste of customers. (deng, 2009) 3 Unable to maintain benefactors as unique control sandwiches offered by rivals Burger King and Wendy’s. 4 Promotional plans like McDonalds game discovered trick with 51 individuals charged in a piece of trick winning $24 million by taking winning McDonald’s tickets. 5 McDonalds indicated a deferred impact than different eateries administrators in exchanging over to zero trans-fat cooking oil. In 2001 McDonald’s was sued for harming strict notions by veggie lover bunches for not uncovering its flavors in French fries as it added hamburger concentrate to vegetable oil and indicating it as veg in menu. 7 Consumers started recording claims that eating at McDonald’s had made them over weight. 8 Competition from burger lords and Wendy’s. (Thomadsen, 2007) MARKET SEGMENTATION TARGET MARKET| BABY BOOMERS| GENERATION X| GENERATION Y| GENERATION Z| DEMOGRAPHICS| 45-65+| 35-44| 19-34| 0-18| GEOGRAPHICS| URBAN| PSYCOGRAPHICS| More worried about low cholesterol food| More worried about low fat food| More worried about physical wellness food products| Generally eats taste arranged food products| BEHAVIOURAL| Mostly worried about great nature of food products| Requires access with snappy and new food service| Generally get up to speed food without anyone else by coming to out| Check out with companions and family| ISSUE ANALYSIS In 2004,Morgan Spurlock’s narrative film Super-Size Me gave very analysis to McDonald’s quick â€Å"nutrition†, in which he shows how he increases fat and crush his wellbeing by eating McDonald’s. 2 In 1998 McDonald’s began â€Å"Made for you† System yet it was not fruitful. There was an abatement in development of deals in stores. 3 In 1999 preceding the usage of â€Å"made for you â€Å"scheme ,McDonald’s wanted to give around 190 million in budgetary help to its franchisees ,however the real expe nse of executing the framework ran a lot higher than the enterprise had assessed. In 2001, 51 individuals were charged planning to fix McDonald’s game advancements through the span of quite a long while, uncovering that $24 million of dominating McDonald’s match tickets had been taken as a piece of trick. 5 In 2004, McDonald’s was sued for removing a modest quantity meat included to the vegetable oil utilized for cooking French fries. 6 Many individuals despite everything whine that the food served by McDonald’s isn't hot to eat. Suggestions PRODUCT :- 1 McDonald’s ought to give hot food to eat on the grounds that numerous clients protest that their food isn't so hot to eat else it will influence deals. McDonalds ought to bring some new more advantageous items for all ages since awful impact on wellbeing is one of the shortcomings of McDonald’s and bringing some more beneficial food will assist with conquering this picture. 3 McDonald’s ought to give some free snacks since it will assist it with rivaling its rivals and increment deals. 4 McDonalds should make their items in fat free oil since it will have great impact on wellbeing. 5 McDonald’s ought to likewise give some territorial food in light of the fact that along these lines some countr y individuals will likewise begin tolerating its items. Propelling of new seared and bone in treats in Chicago. Cost:- 1 The cost of items ought to be reasonable supposing that they won't be moderate to little pay bunch then its deal will be influenced and it will likewise offer the chance to contenders to expand their deals. 2 The costs of items ought to be normally checked in order to contend with rivalry since individuals will purchase those items which they can get in low cost. Spot:- 1 McDonald’s should open new establishments in little urban areas additionally . It will assist them with expanding its business and increment development. McDonald’s should build the quantity of its establishments in all nations so as to extend its business. Advancement:- 1 McDonald’s ought to give some limit on more items bought in light of the fact that along these lines individuals will purchase more. Since certain individuals will begin buying more things in the event that they can get markdown. 2 McDonald’s ought to give home conveyance administration on the grounds that occasionally a few people can’t go to store so as to buy them. It will build deals. 3 McDonald’s ought to give online deal in light of the fact that along these lines individuals can put in their requests on the web. McDonald’s is dealing with new servings of mixed greens and wraps . (wong, 2013) 5 McDonald, s will test the new seared and bone in treats in Chicago. (wong, 2013) 6 Success of relentless wings in Atlanta. (wong, 2013) BEST RECOMMENDATIONS PRODUCT:- McDonald’s ought to give some more beneficial food to all ages since wellbeing corpulence is the serious issue with McDonald’s . Thusly they can get great picture with respect to wellbeing. Value:- Prices of items ought to be normally checked so as to contend with rivalry since individuals will least expensive item. Spot:- McDonald’s should open new little establishments at little urban areas likewise on the grounds that it will assist him with expanding its business and increment development rates. Advancement:- McDonald’s ought to give home conveyance administration on the grounds that occasionally individuals can’t go to store so as to buy item. Reference index Bibliography Birchall, J. (2008). McDonalds guarantees inexpensive food deals warding off log jam. Money related occasions. deng, t. (2009, may). McDonalds new technique on changing mentalities and correspondence. Global diary of showcasing examines, 37-42. Jennifer, R. (2004). internet marking :the instance of McDonalds. ritish food diary. ltd. , n. m. (2006). ICCR sponsered intermediary goals on hereditarily changed creatures gain acknowledgment among investors at wendys McDonalds . budgetary wire. macy, a. (2012). financing a remodel:a instance of McDonalds Franchisee. diary of case inquire about in business and financ ial aspects. Mcnamara, B. (2013). McDonalds give the individuals what they need. Sustenance business diary. Thomadsen, r. (2007). item positiong and competion:the job of area in the inexpensive food industry. Advertising science. wong, V. (2013). will McDonalds compelling wings fly? Business feeble.

How To Start Your Own Winery Business

How To Start Your Own Winery Business Owning your own vineyard is perhaps the most romantic dream and many of us have toyed with this idea. But anyone who works in the industry will tell you starting your own winery won’t be an easy thing to do and the romantic images are hardly a reality.But if something is difficult, it doesn’t mean it is impossible. Nothing should stop you from starting your own winery, you just need to make sure you focus on all the right things and plan your business venture well.This guide will help you consider whether owning a vineyard is the right thing for you and help you focus your research on the right tracks. You’ll also read about the main aspects of setting up a winery and the different routes you can take in order to get into the wine business. You’ll also learn about the importance of marketing and the channels for finding support. © Shutterstock.com | KingaIn this articles, you will learn about 1) doing a winery for the right reasons, 2) do your research, 3) three different routes to starting out, 4) understand and define your audience, and 5) look for support.DOING A WINERY BUSINESS FOR THE RIGHT REASONSBefore you start imagining yourself sitting on a beautiful porch, sipping your homemade wine, you need to understand the realities of wine business. Running your own vineyard is by no means an easy thing to do and if you aren’t in it for the right reasons, you are very likely to falter chasing an impossible dream.Although it is naturally possible to make money with a winery, you shouldn’t expect to become a rich person overnight. While you can start turning in money quicker by buying an established winery (as you shall see below), it will still take around three to five years for a particular grape type to develop into a quality wine. This means that you won’t become a rich vineyard owner overnight.Runn ing a vineyard is definitely a long-term investment and you could have to wait for a decade or two before you start to reap benefits. If this isn’t what you are looking for then you are better off searching for other types of investments.Not everyone gets into the business as a quest to make some money. If you are just looking to turn your passion for wine into a hobby, then you don’t need to bury your dreams. As you will see later on in the guide, there are different ways to get into the wine business and your goals as a winery owner might influence which of these routes you take. The key is to understand the realities of starting and running a winery and to make sure your own goals fit these realities.DO YOUR RESEARCHBefore you go and buy a vineyard, you need to conduct proper research to ensure you know what you are getting into. As mentioned above, starting out and keeping a vineyard alive won’t be easy and you want to be on top of what to expect before you make the commit ment.A proper research isn’t just to guarantee you know what you are getting into, it is also to ensure you make the right choices to help you succeed with your winery. You don’t want to start growing grapes, for example, that aren’t suited for your climate. The main areas of research as follows:1) Locate the ideal location for your wineryLocation is crucial for running a vineyard. While it might sound like a lovely idea to open a small vineyard at your parent’s old country estate, the soil might not be suited for growing grapes in the first place. Furthermore, different climates are good for different types of wine, so you need to understand this.As a rule of thumb, grapes tend to prefer regions with warm summers and short, mild winters â€" frost being a key threat to grapes. You want to treat your grapes with plenty of sun.Places such as Napa Valley, California in the US, Boudreaux in France, and Barossa in Australia are among the world’s most famous wine regions. In fac t, locating your winery near other vineyards can be a good idea, as you’ll have great support network and professional network surrounding you.If you aren’t very confident in understanding the soil requirements, it is always a good idea to consult a professional.2) Select the grape typeOnce you have some idea of your ideal location, you naturally need to start thinking about the grape type. As you might have gathered already, the soil can have an impact on the kind of grapes you are able to grow â€" by selecting your location you are likely to limit your grape options to a few. You can, of course, also pick the grape first and then find the suitable location.The world’s grape types used in wine are divided into three different species. The most popular one of them is Vitis vinifera, used in nearly 99% of all wines. You might know the grape type from the wines it is used in such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.You’ll also have Vitis labrusca, which is mainly grown in the northeastern US and Canada. The third major species is called Vitis rotundifolia grape. These grapes are very sweet and often used in dessert wines.The below YouTube video has more information on the grape varieties of the world: 3) Make detailed cost calculationsAs mentioned above, starting a winery is not easy nor is it cheap. Just like with any business venture, you must do research on costs to guarantee you don’t end up in financial difficulties.The key to understand is that starting your own winery will probably cost at least twice the amount you think. As you’ll seen below the starting investment might depend on the route you take, but be aware that you won’t have a lot of income coming in for the first few years. So, you need to have plenty of money to invest at the start and a way to live without the income from the winery.Naturally, the investment needed also depends on the scale. If you aren’t expecting to sell your wine bottles in their hundreds of ca ses, you won’t need as much. But if you want to create a real business with your winery, six or even seven figure investments aren’t uncommon.4) Overcome red tape issuesYou’ll encounter a lot of paperwork when setting up a winery. A lot doesn’t mean just a few forms here and there, running a winery will means long nights of filing forms and plenty of red tape you need to overcome.There are some national differences naturally, but you should expect to have to deal with a number of licenses and permission from ministries in charge of alcohol and beverage departments. You also need to sort out the health and safety regulations. This is all before you can start organizing or the usual business paperwork, such as taxation, sale tracking and computing.Make sure you understand the amount of paperwork required beforehand and look at some of the forms. If you aren’t comfortable with this aspect of the business, you can find help from consultancy and accountancy firms, for instance. 5) Options for diversificationFinally, it is a good idea to look into aspects of diversification before you get started. Making a lot of money from wine production might not be enough, so you need to plan for ways to diversify your income source.Perhaps you could include a small BB type of service to your vineyard or offer tours for tourists on your farm? There are different ways you can put your vineyard and knowledge for use and ensure you have other sources of revenue while you also focus on your wine.THREE DIFFERENT ROUTES TO STARTING OUTThere are three different routes to starting your own winery. Depending on your expertise, available investment and your goals for the winery, you should pick the most suitable of these routes.#1. Set up a vineyardThe first is naturally to start your own vineyard from scratch. This is often the most favored option and naturally gives you plenty of freedom in terms of finding the ideal location, selecting your favorite grape type and creating the kind of wine brand you want.From these different routes, starting from scratch is the hardest route in terms of the amount of work you need to do. While it gives you the above freedoms, it does require a lot more work and you need to wait for quite a long time before you start reaping the benefits.While the above section on research, gives you plenty of knowledge in terms of the things you need to sort out when starting a vineyard or a winery, here is a recap of the things it’ll take:The licensing requirements â€" You need to sort out the licensing requirements before you get started. The licensing requirements are different depending on national and state legislations, but in general, you must fulfill certain health and safety requirements, as well as get the approval to grow and sell alcoholic products. If you are planning to sell your wines at the vineyard, you often require further licensing for that.Facility approval â€" Once you have set up the facilities to produce wine, y ou need to get them checked. You need to have regular facility approvals conducted to ensure everything is up to standards.Location â€" You need to pick your vineyard location based on the soil conditions and the type of grapes you want to grow (See section on research).Trellising and irrigation systems â€" You need to ensure the soil and farmyard is suitable for wine cultivation. Grapes need plenty of sunlight and water, with a proper irrigation system to ensure your grapes don’t get soaked.Raw materials â€" As well as picking the grape type, you’ll also need to sort out other raw materials. If you are looking to be in charge of the complete winemaking process, you’ll need to get tannins, minerals and sugars.Equipment â€" In addition to raw materials, you also need to get all the equipment sorted out. You’ll naturally need plenty of cultivation and farming equipment to keep your grapes in good condition. But you’ll also need the fermentation tanks, filtration equipment, b ottling line system and equipment to label your wine bottles.Distribution â€" You’ll need to manage the distribution of your wine as well. This means ensuring your wine bottles get in one piece to the shops. Depending on your ambitions, you might need to sort out distribution routes from region-wide to nation-wide or even international routes.#2. Buy an established wineryYou could also skip many of the above steps and opt to buy an established vineyard or winery. This still involves plenty of work and you will have some ability to change the branding of the wine, for example, but in general, it is a bit easier. You most likely won’t need to worry about distribution routes, setting up the equipment and raw materials and you might even have an established brand you can use.On the downside, starting with an established winery will require a lot more money in many instances. Professionals in the field say you need to pay at least 30% more often when you are buying a winery, so think whether you can afford it.On the other hand, you’ll be able to enjoy the fruits of your labor much quicker. You won’t need to spend time sorting out the regulatory issues and the grapes are already growing. The start-up time is typically up to five years shorter. So, if you are looking to get started with a winery quickly, this is much better option to the above route.Since so many things are already sorted out, the learning curve is shorter and easier. You just need to get to grips with what is already in place â€" no need to learn how to get it all started.If you find a vineyard in sale, don’t immediately go to the bank and organize a loan. You need to do some research into what makes the current owners sell the winery? You don’t want to spend a lot of money in buying a vineyard that isn’t working, especially if the reasons behind the downfall are something difficult to correct or overcome.#3. Focusing on the retail partLastly, if you are purely looking into getting to the wine business, you should consider focusing on the retail part instead. The wine industry has plenty of different opportunities available, not all of them mean you need to become a wine-farmer.You could start working with a passionate farmer and just be in charge of the branding and retail aspect of creating the winery. You could even consider buying grapes from established farmers and make your own blends. You’d need to get a location for creating the bottling unit and spend money to get the equipment needed, but it might be a good idea if you don’t have a passion for farming.UNDERSTAND AND DEFINE YOUR AUDIENCENo matter which route you take, starting out your own winery is not just about the grapes and bottling. You will need to focus on branding as well if you want to succeed with your project.Here are some basic tips for getting your marketing up to speed:1) Defining a target audienceLike with any product, it is crucial you do some basic market research and set up a targe t market for your wine. Ask yourself what type of wine you are making? Is it a dessert wine, a high quality wine for passionate wine enthusiasts, or a cost-friendly wine for average consumer?Wine brands even go as far to have the average buyer in mind. Perhaps your wine has the flavor to appeal to foodies or maybe it is for young professionals having a good time. The key is to clearly create the perfect wine for your audience.2) Learn about marketing your productMarketing has changed a lot with the technological revolution and you need to do some research in how your wine is best marketed. It is a good idea to look what other producers around you are doing â€" not to copy, but to get ideas!Learn about the traditional methods, like direct marketing and newspaper marketing, but also focus on the new marketing methods of social media. As you have a target market in mind, you can aim your marketing efforts to appeal to this audience.3) Generate interestPeople won’t just start picking up your wine bottles in-store â€" you need to generate a buzz around the product to ensure the target market finds them. There are plenty of ways to do this. You could be organizing competitions, special events and giveaways to ensure people are interested in testing out your product. Make sure you are also present in different farmer’s market events, local celebrations and different wine events across the country.In addition, you shouldn’t wait for having your wine ready for sale. It is crucial to start marketing your wine even before it hits the market. This could be through social media campaigns or even some sort of kick-starter projects.LOOK FOR SUPPORTDon’t let the above information put you off either, as there are plenty of ways to find support. Don’t think about doing it all on your own, use the expertise of people who have already done it.It is especially important to join your country’s wine producer associations, as well as look for help for new start-ups. You c an also often find regional associations and these can be a great source for help and support during the setting up process.Furthermore, if you’d love to run a vineyard but you are a little unsure about the farming aspect of starting a winery, you can get help from estate managers. You could still live and breathe wine production, but you’ll have someone else looking after the more hands-on aspects of farming. On the other hand, if you just want to run your winery as a hobby, it still doesn’t mean you shouldn’t enjoy some financial fruits of your labor. But instead of running a business yourself, get someone else to deal with the business side of winemaking, while you just enjoy owning a vineyard!

Thomas Hobbes And The State Of Nature - 1727 Words

Essay Question 1 Zulma Galdamez, zgaldame@ucsc.edu Megan Martenyi October 27 2016 For many philosophers the notion of the State of Nature, a concept used to describe the hypothetical conditions of human life before the development of societies, is important in determining political societies, or the governmental structures that composed these. However, many philosophers have different notions of the State of Nature. In this essay I am going to use the writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacque Rousseau to explain how their notions of the State of Nature shape the way they envision political society. These philosophers have different notions of the State of Nature but they all agree that the State of Nature is†¦show more content†¦In this contract, men voluntarily surrender all their rights and freedoms to one person. Hobbes calls this transference of rights to one individual the â€Å"Commonwealth.† However, Hobbes argues that some rights, such as; the right to defend oneself when being attacked or against death cannot be discarded. The contract creates the sovereign, who is the absolute leader. Subjects have no rights against the sovereign and they must assume full responsibility of the actions taken by him. Hobbes argues that in order to make the agreementcovenant constant and lasting men need â€Å"...to have fear of punishment in order to perform their covenants.† Hobbes argues that this fear must be the fear of death or of the consequences that breaking the contract might bring. Hence, it can be assumed that, Hobbes is a supporter of absolutism. Hobbes argues that if men could follow and obey reason, or Natural Law, they would have done so and government would have no reason to exist. However, since Hobbes believes the sState of nNature to be brutish, insecure, and inhabited by selfish people, he argues that there needs to be a ‘common power’ to keep themmen all in order. Hobbes does not believes that a parliament government to be the right government does not work because allowing citizens to vote would interfere with the Commonwealth, since would never work, sincetheir people s interests would interfere with the Commonwealth prevent themShow MoreRelatedThomas Hobbes And The State Of Nature1387 Words   |  6 Pagesthe book, Thomas Hobbes describes the state of nature in which men, driven by appetites and aversions, are constantly in a state of competition and conflict with one another. Because there are limited resources like food and shel ter and people have a desire for the same end, there is no peace or unity in society. Every man must fend for himself in this individualistic, power struggle. The combination of finite resources, mistrust of other men, and equality of power in the state of nature, an unendingRead MoreThe State Of Nature By Thomas Hobbes2160 Words   |  9 PagesMichael Swain Paper 2 PS 171 (1) The state of nature as Thomas Hobbes claims is violent, dangerous and solitary. In a state of nature mankind is subjected to constant fear of death and it essentially runs every aspect of mans life. Yet a human is a rational being and there is a drive to get rid of this fear, one of the rights that Hobbes brings up is the right of self preservation and the fact that a man must not bring harm to himself. Hobbes discusses how natural rights are different than naturalRead MoreThe State Of Nature By Thomas Hobbes3347 Words   |  14 Pagestime men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called war; and such a war as is of every man against every man.†1 Here Thomas Hobbes portrays the state of nature; in which life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.2 He then proposes a social contract where people of the state enter into a commonwealth governed by an absolute power. Through this social contract, the people give up thei r right to â€Å"everything† to the sovereign in exchange for securityRead MoreThe State of Nature: Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury1691 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay, I will present three reasons as to why the absolute authority of the sovereign in Hobbes’s state of nature and social contract is justified. The three reasons Hobbes uses are: the argument from contract, the argument from authorisation and the argument from weakness of mixed or divided sovereignty. Firstly, I shall explain Hobbes’s understanding of human nature and the natural condition of humanity which causes the emergence of the social contract. I shall then analyse each argumentRead MoreJohn Thomas Hobbes And The State Of Nature1162 Words   |  5 PagesOpposite to Augustine, Thomas Hobbes believes that the laws set what is wrong and without laws there would be no right or wrong. In Hobbes book Leviathan, argues government is an artificial part of life. Without government, we would be in th e â€Å"state of nature†. In the state of nature, we are in a condition of war. Hobbes argues that in the condition of war â€Å"every man against every man, this also is consequent; that nothing can be unjust. The notions of right and wrong, justice and injustice, haveRead MoreThomas Hobbes State of Nature Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning, there was a darker side to the preservation of life. Man lived a life of kill or be killed, without any regard for other than his own. Life was solitary, poor, brutish and short. This barbaric and primitive state is what Thomas Hobbes believed to be the State of Nature. Practical reason dictates that when threatened you either act, give up your property, or anticipate for a sign of weakness to act. This means that all have a right to everything so long as it can be attained. People cannotRead MoreState of Nature and Freedom: Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes1424 Words   |  6 PagesState of Nature and Freedom In the Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes places limits on the freedom of individuals in the social contract, as well as individuals in the state of nature. Hobbes writes that in the state nature, â€Å"the liberty each man hath to use his own power as he will himself for the preservation of his own nature; doing anything which, in his own judgement and reason, he shall conceive to be the aptest means there unto† (ch. 14,  ¶1). An individual’s will is only free when there is no extraneousRead MoreThomas Hobbes State of Nature in Leviathan Essay847 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the view Thomas Hobbes presents within the selected passaged in the Leviathan, we live in a narcissistic society where man’s condition is primarily driven by ego and where the achievement of personal goals is deemed paramount. Within the State of Nature that is, outside of civil society we have a right to all things ‘even to one another’s body’, and there would be no agree d authority to ensure the moral grounds of our decisions. Therefore since there are no restrictions and no sharedRead MoreThomas Hobbes State of Nature in Leviathan Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagestheories that grew from them. However, in Thomas Hobbes Leviathan we see a departure from this inequality. The argument of people being equal and the state of man that he develops from that belief are central not only to his own theory but to the world of political science today. It is his examination of people being equal, followed by the state of nature and war, and finally his look at various laws of nature that lead a natural path to his political solution. Hobbes assertion that all people are equalRead MoreThe State Of Nature By Thomas Hobbes And Jean Jacques Rousseau1800 Words   |  8 Pagesquestion whether war is a product of Man s nature or an outcome of nurture has been a source of intellectual debate. In the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries each of the political philosophers, Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau took different stances regarding this issue in their deduction of the state of nature; a concept describing people s lives before the existence of civilized societies and laws. Thomas Hobbes imagines a state of nature where each person is naturally fully free

Facebook s Influence On Social Media - 1549 Words

With rapid advancements in technology, social media has become more accessible to people allowing them to spend a great amount of time on social media. Types of social media include Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram, and Tumblr. However, it wasn’t long before Facebook became one of the most used types of social media compared to others with about 1.15 billion users (Crowell 11). Reasons as to why Facebook has become more popular include that it allows people to do many things such as posting a status, picture, or a video. It allows people to communicate with others all across the world and gives people the ability to make new friends. Facebook also allows you to chat with friends along with playing games. Although it allows for such†¦show more content†¦With Facebook being used frequently, many have taken on research to see what type of people are using Facebook and why it is so popular among users of social network sites. In the article, â€Å"Self-Affirmation Underlies Facebook Use,† Toma and Jeffrey believe that the reason for the popularity of Facebook â€Å"can be understood through the fulfillment of ego needs† (321). Toma and Jeffrey recognize that other reasons as to why social network cites may be popular could be due to â€Å"procrastinating, gossiping, relieving boredom, or expressing narcissistic drives† (321). However, in the article, they propose that what motivates people to use social network sites are â€Å"†¦that [it] allow users to (a) craft self-presentations that reveal core aspects of their self-concept, such as social affiliations and treasured characteristics, and (b) highlight social connections with friends and family, satisfy fundamental ego needs regarding desired self-images† (Toma and Jeffrey 321). In other words, Toma and Jeffrey are saying that one of the reasons that people turn to social media, in this case Facebook, is because Facebook provides a way for people to satisfy t heir need of self-affirmation by both looking at others profiles and creating their own. They created two studies to test their hypothesis and found that in their first study, Facebook users who spent at least five minutes on their profiles were

Corporate Governance Benchmarking Free Essays

string(41) " is a company from which MFSI can learn\." Running head: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE BENCHMARKING Corporate Governance Benchmarking University of Phoenix Corporate Governance MMPBL 570 November 30, 2009 Corporate Governance Benchmarking McBride Financial Services Inc. is a low cost mortgage provider located in Boise, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, as well as North and South Dakota. Recently, Beltway Investments became the majority investor in McBride Financial Services, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Governance Benchmarking or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result, McBride’s CEO needs the board of directors’ collaboration while setting up internal governance controls and ensuring proper auditing. To secure that corporate governance benefits the company and investors, McBride’s CEO needs to consider benchmarking. Thus, the authors of this paper examine the benchmarking of Adelphia Communications, Tyco, Calpine Corporation, and Tyson Foods to help develop best practices for McBride Financial Services, Inc. Accordingly, Chew and Gillan (2005) state, â€Å"The role of top management is no longer just control and coordination; it is anticipating, leading, and managing change and articulating the rationale for such change to employees† (p. ). Hence, the lack of corporate governance could not be demonstrated better than the rise and fall of Adelphia Communications. Adelphia Communications was at one time the fifth largest cable provider in the United States. The company was controlled by John Rigas, the founder of Adelphia, and his family; they controlled 60 percent of the total voting shares. The family considered Adelphia funds their own personal funds and spent them lavishly on everything from airplanes to professional sports teams. When all was finally revealed, the Rigas family received $3. 4 billion in loans from Adelphia. The company eventually filed for bankruptcy and was split up in a buyout by Time Warner Cable and Comcast (Comcast, 2006). McBride Financial Services, Inc. (MFSI) is a small company controlled by McBride, the CEO. He is looking to move to the next level, like Adelphia. MFSI has recently formed a partnership with Beltway Investments to allow growth into a regional financial services provider and form a board of directors. It is not a partnership. It is a corporation and owned by Hugh and Beltway. They are not partners which is a different legal form of business. The company needs to embrace the board of directors as an independent oversight committee and not as rubber stamp committee, yet this is the initial direction the CEO wants the board to take (University of Phoenix, 2009). Adelphia Communications failed because the board was part of the corruption and independent from the daily operations of the company. The CEO needs to also allow an external accounting firm to conduct regular audits, regardless of the results, of the company to ensure the corruption of Adelphia is not duplicated because â€Å"The way boards are structured, meeting every other month, they have to rely on outside advisers† (Patsuris, 2002). Another situation to consider is the decline of the stock prices for Tyco, turning out to be quite detrimental because of the same actions of Kozlowski, the former CEO; he failed to lead the company affectively. Kozlowski was found guilty of using company funds for his personal expenses (Cummins, 2006). Even though he was found guilty, the company’s image is still flawed and questioned, the same as the value of company stock prices. Nevertheless, Eric Pillmore is in the process of reclaiming the company’s image by reconstructing and communicating a well built ethical atmosphere. Pillmore may be strict and enforce control to help the company; perhaps if the control had been maintained through corporate governance in the past, and if employees had been at ease in bringing issues to the fore front, Kozlowski would not have been able to send the company into the tailspin it has experienced (Cummins, 2006). MFSI can learn valuable lessons from Tyco; in conjunction with legal action and a marred company because of inadequate corporate governance, Tyco has made strides in changing its business environment. Tyco has managed to make improvements, from restructuring the company ethics statement, to meeting each employee personally, supplying them with a company ethics statement, and publishing a quarterly report on any problems employees brought to the company’s attention, and compiling the findings and disciplinary actions (Cummins, 2006, para. 3). Pillmore may be strict and controlling but he has turned Tyco around by improving employee behavior, creating a trustful environment and communicating with Tyco employees. MFSI’s CEO needs to consider such changes as Tyco has implemented, to be in compliance with federal guidelines, build trusting relationships with his employees and change the tone of MFSI’s corporate culture by adhering to a new corporate governance plan. Basically, in critiquing and analyzing the roles of the key leaders of corporate governance to assess the function of ethics in compliance, key concepts and the best practices of Calpine Corporation have also been considered to help MFSI. According to Chew and Gillan (2005), â€Å"During the past decade many CEOs of large companies have become highly visible public figures,† and while MFSI is still evolving, pressure to act appropriately exists (p. 1). This visibility increases accountability for leaders’ corporate governance. In the case of MFSI, the CEO is faced with critical decision making. MFSI’s CEO’s corporate governance has the potential of creating undesirable outcomes. However, to help MFSI, the best practices of Calpine demonstrate how decision making can be executed through the code of conduct guidelines. Calpine is a successful company that despite its business strategies, it was challenged with uncontrollable environmental forces. In 1998, Calpine experienced the effects of deregulation; yet leadership followed the company’s good corporate governance to address the issue. Hence, in comparing MFSI with Calpine, it is noted that Calpine’s leadership is committed to act with integrity and transparency while MFSI’s CEO is behaving unethically by disregarding the board of directors’ and shareholders’ input. Chew and Gillan (2005) declare, â€Å"The performance of companies, good or bad, is often attributed—not only by the press, but by the directors and shareholders of the companies—to the CEO’s personal business savvy and leadership† (p. 2). Therefore, in providing MFSI with good corporate governance best practices, Tyson Foods is also considered. Tyson is a company from which MFSI can learn. You read "Corporate Governance Benchmarking" in category "Papers" MFSI’s CEO wants to control the board of directors. He tells them not to worry about doing any work or meeting more than a few times a year; â€Å"I will handle the real work,† exclaims the CEO (University of Phoenix, 2009). Tyson entered into a settlement agreement that not only cost them a considerable amount of money but also required them to practice proper corporate governance. By trying to control the board of directors, and by not offering incentive compensation and stock options, MFSI’s CEO may soon find that investors do not appreciate his self serving financial gain at the cost of their right to a good return n investment. MFSI’s CEO must take seriously, as Tyson now takes seriously, the need to allow the board of directors to be active in the business of the company and to carry out their duty to protect shareholders’ interests (Friedlander, 2008). Also, MFSI’s CEO must set up proper audit procedures, using an impartial outside aud itor while setting up internal controls. MFSI’s CEO needs to understand that corporate governance procedures are not only for his benefit but also for every investor’s welfare. The CEO needs to include others in the decision making, helping to enhance every stakeholder’s benefits. By creating transparency in their procedures and corporate governance, MFSI can help encourage the board of directors to work collaboratively to provide a good return to investors while creating long term gains that will keep the company running strong. If MFSI’s CEO continues to try to circumvent the company’s processes and make the board of directors a powerless figurehead, his investors might soon become disgruntled and take their investments elsewhere. Conclusion Maintaining state and federal guidelines and staying within the company’s code of conduct can be challenging. Thus, top leaders need to delineate the roles of each person in charge of decision making and correct any incompatible behaviors contrary to good corporate governance. In the case of McBride Financial Services, Inc. , for instance, corporate governance was identified as incongruent with the overall ethical code of conduct and responsibility of top leadership. While the best practices of the companies mentioned in this paper offer fundamental principles to executing decision making in managing the interests of stakeholders, it is also critical to adhere to all Federal ethical guidelines to help mitigate any potential undesired outcomes. Synopsis of Adelphia Communication by Michael Gillespie Issue in the Scenario that is facing the company Adelphia Communications was a publicly held company owned mostly by the founder John Rigas and his family. Adelphia had a board of directors the consisted of nine people, five of them appointed by the Rigas. Over a five year period of time the Rigas family â€Å"loaned† $3. 1 billion dollars from Adelphia. This was $800 million more than what was initially reported during an SEC investigation (Patsuris, 2002). These â€Å"loans† financed everything rom real estate ventures, airplanes, country club memberships, and operating the Buffalo Sabres hockey team. The Board of Directors fired the auditor of the company, Deloitte Touche, when they began to question some inconsistencies found during an audit (Farrell, 2002). Ironically, Adelphia sued Deloitte Touche for incompetence. If Adelphia’s board of directors had been independent, the board would have had to rel y on reports from management, external auditors and consultants, in order to determine the company’s status. Unfortunately, Adelphia’s board was so packed with insiders it was hardly in this position. Company response to the issue Soon after the termination of Deloitte, PriceWaterhouseCoopers was selected as the new auditor for Adelphia. The first step for PWC was to re-audit previous year’s financial statements. Two weeks after the hiring of PWC, Adelphia filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection and was able to secure $1. 5 billion in debt to continue operating. The company hired a new board of directors. To fill these positions the firm went outside the Adelphia umbrella and searched for ethical industry veterans to become board members. John Rigas was sentenced to 12 years in prison and his sons were sentenced to 17 years. Outcomes from the company’s response Adelphia Communications was never able to recover from the lack of corporate governance and the corrupt management of the company. In 2006, Time Warner Cable and Comcast Cable purchased Adelphia for $12. 7 billion in cash and stock options (Comcast, 2006). This deal took over 40 months to complete due to fraud and security investigations and the fact that Adelphia was operating under bankruptcy protection. Synopsis of Tyco by Colleen Holdahl Issue in the Scenario that is facing the company Tyco faced major legal issues in 2002 and was responsible to pay a â€Å"$50 million fine to settle claims that it inflated profits from 1996 through 2002† (Cummins, 2006, para. 3). Dennis Kozlowski, the company’s CEO, was found guilty of embezzling funds to such extravagance as reporting he purchased â€Å"a $6,000 shower curtain† (Cummins, 2006, para. 2) and hosting a â€Å"$2 million birthday party for his wife† (Cummins, 2006, para. 2). With all the turbulence Tyco has gone through, the present leadership is making progress to clean-up the company’s reputation. Eric Pillmore, the current senior vice president of corporate governance, has been the leader of the clean-up. Outcomes from the company’s response Pillmore started ‘cleaning-up’ Tyco by implementing a new corporate governance plan; starting with the replacement of the previous board of directors, developing, and forming a new ethics code. The newly implemented governance plan â€Å"first principle calls for strong leaders who see themselves as stewards of the company and mentors for its future leaders† (Cummins, 2006, para. 9). Pillmore is of the conclusion that some of the former leaders have more concern with their own self significance; seeing themselves as ‘wheeler dealers,’ instead of being responsible and looking out for the best interests of the company. Pillmore also believes one of the most critical functions of his job as chief financial officer is to monitor the finances and act as a mentor to everyone in the company (Cummins, 2006). Among Pillmore’s other philosophies is ‘a web of accountability’ and ‘a robust process to understand why people behave the way they do’. He believes every employee has something to contribute to maintain an ethical business environment and leaders should not be intimidating. Employees should be free to approach their company leaders on ethics and company values issues. Outcomes from the company’s response Eric Pillmore takes the time to meet each employee, supplying them with the company’s ethics statement, and to discuss concerns or issues they may encounter. Tyco â€Å"publishes a quarterly report on any problems employees brought to the company’s attention, then the company’s findings and any disciplinary action- leaving out all employees’ names† (Cummins, 2006, para. 3). After the turbulence and with the help of Pillmore, Tyco has turned around and once again has a positive company image and the stock has recovered most of its value. Tyco received a rating by the Governance Metrics International as â€Å"one of the most improved companies globally; on a scale of one to te n, Tyco rose from a 1. 5 at the end of 2002 to 8. 5† (Cummins, 2006, para. 13). Synopsis of Calpine Corporation by Marisela Jimenez Issue in the Scenario that is facing the company Calpine Corporation is a successful independent power company that has strived to improve its business operations to help it advance its mission, values, and vision. While Calpine has managed to sustain its record high profits, the company, nevertheless, has faced changes in the business environment, particularly in deregulation. In 1998, a national movement, led by state legislation across the country, passed a U. S. Congress bill to accelerate and spread nationwide electric deregulation (FindingUniverse, 2009). This issue affected Calpine’s overall business functioning. Company response to the issue However, Calpine responded to the issue by focusing on the opportunities presented by deregulation. In other words, â€Å"The company’s foundation as a service provider to power plant operators and its subsequent development into a power plant operator itself engendered a vertically integrated enterprise primed for the new competitive era† (FundingUniverse, 2009). Calpine synergized its operations and focused on developing systems to maximize resources by improving conceptual designs, financing, construction, operation, fuel management, and power marketing. Through the synergistic approach to the business of producing electricity, Calpine managed to remain competitive in the market by strategically preserving profits without cutting the highly aggressive rates. The changes in deregulation helped Calpine’s leadership take immediate action by addressing the uncontrollable forces affecting the company. Leadership realized the potential for deregulation and its implications in the company; therefore, when Congress passed the deregulation bill, Calpine’s leadership was competently prepared. Outcomes from the company’s response Calpine’s outcome of the company’s response to the issue helped expedite the acquisition of 46 gas-fired turbines produced by Siemens Westinghouse. This acquisition radically enhanced Calpine’s market presence; leadership identified the opportunity of expansion as a result of deregulation. Basically, â€Å"The combination of Calpine management’s intuitive powers in foreseeing a growing demand for capacity and its willingness to gamble heavily paid handsome dividends,† enabling Calpine to grow into a successful company (FundingUniverse, 2009). Calpine’s leadership, however, ensures that their commitment to good corporate governance adheres to the highest ethical standards; thus, leadership behaves with integrity and transparency while maintaining strong levels of communication with stakeholders, including the board of directors, employees, and the community. Calpine’s leadership decision making is guided by the company’s code of conduct, helping to discourage any illegal and unethical behavior (Calpine, 2009). Synopsis of Tyson Foods by Carole Kindt Issue in the Scenario that is facing the company Over the years Tyson Foods has handled controversial issues concerning their business practices. They have been questioned over their ties to former President Clinton, unsanitary and dangerous conditions in their plants, plants staffed by low-paid workers, and even questionable campaign contributions (Unknown 1, 2009). In 2008, Tyson entered into a settlement with its investors over questionable practices in a case that named Don Tyson, members of his family, and the Board of Directors. The case alleged misconduct in connection with related party transactions and granting stock options to officers and directors of Tyson (Chase, 2008). The settlement agreement approved by the judge in the case ordered Tyson to pay $4. 5 million to their largest shareholders and forced improvements to Tyson’s corporate governance policies (Chase, 2008). As part of the settlement agreement, Tyson agreed not to engage in any new related party transactions without the approval of the Board and also to hire a consultant to evaluate its internal audit and control processes (Chase, 2008). Company response to the issue Tyson’s Board of Directors immediately began fulfilling the terms of the settlement agreement and they have worked to create a strong corporate governance structure. In 2008, the Board appointed a lead independent director and a new chairman of its compensation committee as well as establishing a nominating committee (Unknown 2, 2008). By focusing on their internal controls and corporate governance, Tyson’s board of directors has returned to their fundamental task, to work in good faith to assure they are upholding their fiduciary duties to the stockholders. Outcomes from the company’s response Tyson’s board of directors received a wake-up call that shook them out of their lassitude and encouraged them to make changes that enhance the long term goals of Tyson Foods as well as the return for their investors (Friedlander, 2008). In this way, Tyson will rebuild its reputation and trust with investors as well as fulfill the company’s long-term goals. By creating committees made up of independent, non-biased members, Tyson will create the transparency necessary to rebuild investor trust and build their company for the future. Good choice of companies and relating some of the take-a-ways to McB. Paper easy to read and follow but you could have worked the lesson into McB in more detail. Grade 96 References Calpine. (2009). Corporate Governance. [Online]. Available: http://www. calpine. com/ About/oc_corpgov. asp (2009, November 25). (Chase R 2008 Judge Approves $4. 5M Settlement Against Tyson Foods Directors. )Chase, R. (2008). Judge Approves $4. 5M Settlement Against Tyson Foods Directors. CNA Insurance Journal. Retrieved from http://www. insurancejournal. com /news/national /2008. thm? print=1 database. Chew, D. H. , Gillan, S. L. (2005). Corporate Governance at the Crossroads: A book of readings. 1 ed. ). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Comcast Press Release. (2006). Comcast and Time Warner Complete Adelphia Acquisitions. July 31, 2006. Retrieved on November 26, 2009 from http://www. comcast. com/About/PressRelease/PressReleaseDetail. ashx? PRID=55. ComcaCCummins, H. J. (2006). Tyco exec makes the rounds spreading the word on corporate ethics. Star Tribune, p. 1D . Retrieved November 23, 2009, from ProQuest database. Farrell, M. (2002). Deloitte Blasts Adelphia on Audit. Multi Channel News. July 8, 2002. Retrieved on November 25, 2009 from http://www. allbusiness. om/company-activities-management/company-structures-ownership/6355799-1. html. (Friedlander J 2008 Overturn Time-Warner Three Different Ways)Friedlander, J. (2008). Overturn Time-Warner Three Different Ways. Delaware Journal of Corporate Law, 33(3), 631-649. Retrieved November 24, 2009, from Business Source Complete database Web Site: http://support. ebsco. com. FundingUniverse. (2009). Calpine Corporation. [Online]. Available: http://www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories/Calpine-Corporation-Company- History. html (2009, November 25). Patsuris, Patricia (2009). Adelphia Hypocrisy. Forbes. om. Retrieved on November 25, 2009, from http://www. forbes. com/2002/06/10/0610adelphia. html. (Unknown 2 2008)Unknown 2. (2008). Retrieved November 23, 2009, from http://www. tyson. com//C orporate/PressRoom/ViewArticle. aspx? id-2879 Web Site: http://www. tyson. com. (Unknown 2009 Tyson Foods, Inc. )Unknown 1. (2009). Tyson Foods, Inc. Retrieved November 24, 2009, from http://www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories. /Tyson-Foods-Inc-Company-History Web Site: http://www. fundi nguniverse. com. University of Phoenix (2009). McBride Financial Scenario. Retrieved November 16, 2009 from rEsource student website. How to cite Corporate Governance Benchmarking, Papers

Chicano Arts Movement Essay Example For Students

Chicano Arts Movement Essay Savannah Shooters Sandra Castanet English 5-6 appropriate Chicane Art Movement As artists began to actively participate in the efforts to redress the plight of Mexicans in the United States, there emerged a new iconography and symbolic language which not only articulated the movement, but became the core of a Chicane cultural renaissance. (Avenges) Chicane Art developed in the asses during the political eruption of the civil rights movements in the united States. This renaissance in the arts was in fact the birth and flowering of a Chicane oral view or Chicane aesthetic and because of its close alliance with and commitment to social change and political activism it is known today as the Chicane Art Movement. From the ranks of this movement came artists, poets and actors who collectively generated a cultural renaissance and whose work played a key role in creating the ideology of the Chicane movement, (Avenges) J_SIT ANOTHER POSTER? Chicane Graphic Arts in California, is the first exhibition and book that explores the poster art created by dozens of Chicane artists in California trot the late asses to the present I am honored to be among the artists included in this historic collection. Graphic art has played a key role in II Movement(the Chicane civil rights movement), and the poster has been used to educate, agitate, and organize Americans of Mexican descent, One could even say that political awareness and social activism grew out of the Chi cane arts movement. Chicane art has had many influences Certainly Mexican artists like Joss © Guadalupe Posada, Friday Kohl, and David Quires have had their effect, UT so hue American comic books, Cuban political posters, and spray-painted barrio calligraphy. (Fallen) Chicane poster art became a means to help preserve and promote a culture largely ignored by the dominant Resurrection.